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tif; eif bmawGrSwfrdvJ
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uGsefawmf wpfcsdefvkH; owdarhaecJhwmvm;
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ac:rvmcif MudK aNymxm;zkdYaumif;w,f
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tm;*wfpfu olwkdY xGufrvmEkdifatmif
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uHaumif;wmu qvdwf'f&JUvlawG
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rif;t&ifu vlowfzl;w,f
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olYukdowfzkdYukda&G;csifcJhw,f
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wpfcsdefu vlowform;NzpfcJhvkdYyJ
rif;rSefw,f tJh'gaMumifh 'gpwifcJhw,f
tJh'geJYyJ tqkH;owf&r,f
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tm;vkH;twGuf pdwfraumif;ygbl;
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qif;ef aNymygw,f
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tif; aNyygw,f
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tJ&kd;ua&m
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ig tJ&kd;eJYywfoufwm wpfckrS rodbl;
ig tJh'gawG tm;vkH;udk pGefYvTwfvkdufNyD
eifu ig*&kpkdufwJh wpfa,mufwnf;aom olyg
tqifaNyvm; eifwpfckckNzpfoGm;ao;vm;
tJh'g udpör&Sdbl;
igwkdY 'Du xGufoGm;Mu&atmif
topfuae NyefpMu&atmif igwkdYukd b,folrS raESmifh,SufyJeJY
igwdkY Nzpfcsifovkd aevkdY&w,f
igeifhudk aemufxyf tqkH;&IH;rcHEkdifawmhbl;
tif; avmavmqnf
ig roGm;cifrSm vkyfp&mav;wpfck&Sdao;w,f
'Dawmh 'DrSm cPae
odrf;p&m&Sdwmav;awG odrf;xm; igNyefvmcJhr,f
[ifhtif; &GdKif; tEÅ&m,frsm;w,f - igodw,f
'gayr,fh igvkyfrSNzpfr,f
ig rMudK;pm;MunfhyJeJY xm;vkduf&if pdwfxJrSm wpfrsdK;Nzpfaevdrfhr,f
eif ighudk,kHvm;
tif;
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ig eifhudkcspfw,f
tkdvDAm
uGsefrwkdY 'DrSm bmvmvkyfaewmvJ wpfNrdKUvkH; ysufpD;aeNyD
igodw,f
igwkdY 'DrSmaezkdY vkdtyfw,f
bmvJ
bmaMumifhvJ &Sif uGsefrukd 'Dvkdawmh - igbmrSawmif;qkdaewm r[kwfbl;
'gawG tm;vkH;NyD;wJhtcg igrif;udkvmac:r,f
[ifhtif; - zvpfpwD;
[ifhtif; &Sif bmaMumifhvJ raNymyJeJY raebl;
bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh igrif;udkab;uif;apcsifw,f
[ifhtif; uGsefr ab;ruif;csifbl;
uGsefr &SifeJY wpfNcm;olawGeJY twl ab;ruif;wJhae&mrSm aecsifw,f
ig 'gukdtNzpfrcHEkdifbl;
tkdvDAm
bmawGaNymaewmvJ
qvdwf'f avmf&,fhukdac:oGm;w,fqkdwm olu igcspfwJholvkdY xifaevkdY
[kwfw,fav bmNzpfvJ
ol ac:oGm;wJh rdef;ru rSm;aew,f
igeifh udkcspfw,f
em;vnfvm;
tif;
*GsefeD
tif;
xm;vkdufyg
vkdifvm
igrif;udkcspfw,f tJh'g odw,f r[kwfvm;
odygw,f
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wkdufzkdY tcsdefvm;
vlrJh,mOfu ypfrSwfqDra&mufcif 52 rdepftvkd
a*smf'gEkd; vIdPfacgif;u at;*sifh *kd;rufZfukdac:ay;yg
tD;ZD;uefyPDu Nyef rwkefYNyefygbl; r'rf
ig rsufNrifawGYcsifw,f
olwdkYu vIdPfacgif;xJrSm uGsefr ykH&dyfzrf;vkdY r&ygbl;
tJ'DvIdPfacgif;xJrSm bmawGNzpfaewmvJ
qm*sif *kdrufZf Mum;vm; qm*sif *kdrufZf
aouGufukdrypfbl; aNzaq;u olY[mol tvkyfvkyfoGm;vdrhfr,f
toifyJvm;
toifh
toifh ypf
at;*sifh rkdufu,f 'Dae&mu tcGifhr&Sdol tm;vkH;twGuf uefYowf
'gu bmvJ apmvTwfay;wmvm;
a0gvmu pwmvifNrdKUukdAkH;MuJawmhr,f
olYukdwm;zkdY rif; tultnDvkdw,f
a0gvfukd igwkdY bmxifvJqkdwm Nycsifayr,fh
igwkdYrSm AkH; Nyóem&Sdaeao;w,f
igwkdY ausm&kd;xJrSm tJh'DAkH;awG &Sdaeao;w,f
ighudk,kHprf;yg
NyD;awmh avmfwef vlrowf&bl;
tif; aysmfp&mrygatmifvkyfaygh
epfqm
oabmFay:uqif;
eifrygyJ roGm;bl;
ighukday; rD&muk&k ighudkay;
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tkdvD
qm&m
vlrJh,mOfukd wkdufzkdYvTwfawmh
vufeufawGu tkd-qpf[ef'&uftwGuf wyfqifxm;wm
vlrJh,mOfukd wkdufzkdYvTwfawmh
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'g opömazmufrIyJ at;*sifh rkdufu,f
vlaomif;aygif;rsm;pGm touf qkH;&IH;&r,fh opömazmufrI
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igvJ pdwfraumif;ygbl;
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ighrSm rif;cspfwJhvlwpfa,muf&Sdw,f
rif; ighudk igaNymwJhae&mrSm vmawGY&r,f
r[kwf&if igolYukdowfr,f
[ifhtif; rif; en;fawGukd ig rupm;Ekdifawmhbl;
ig awmfNyDvkdY aNymwJhtcsdefusrS rif; &yf&r,f
ig tHhMooGm;w,f
rif;u oefrmwJh rdef;rawGukd pdwfygw,fxifxm;cJhwm
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qGJaqmifrIawmh &Sdygw,f
olu cspfzkdYaumif;w,f
rif;&JU zvpfpwD;
wpfcsufwGefYwmeJY igrif;udkvnfyif;Nzwfr,f
ig yxrqkH;aNymwJhpum;awG
rif;rSwfrdao;vm; ig rSwfrdw,f
tJh'Dtcsdef twdtusukd igrSwfrdw,f
igh "m; rif;vnfyif;rSm
rif; cspfol&JU vnfyif;rSm axmufxm;wJh igh "m;vkdyJ
tJh'Dwkef;uom rif;udk igowfcJh&if
taNctaeawG tm;vkH; aNymif;vJoGm;Ekdifw,f
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tif;
rif; ighqDu ,loGm;wJh t&mtm;vkH;
rif;qDu Nyef,lzkdY awG;&if; tcsdefukefcJhwJh tqkH;tprJhnawG
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rif; &Sm'kdukdowfcJhovkdaygh
tif;
rif; olYukdNrif&w,f
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rif;&JU &l;oGyfrIawGxJrSm olu b,fvkdykHpHvJ qvdwf'f
ol rif;udk bmaNymvJ
olYtvStyukd igrSwfrdw,f
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olYukdemrnfwyfNyD;
rif;vkyfcJhwJh vkyf&yfawGukd od&if olt&rf;vefYoGm;rSmyJ
ig bmvkyfcJhwmvJ
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rif; owÅdr&SdvkdY rvkyf&JcJhwmawG
olYtwGuf wkdufckdufzkdY
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olYcE¨mukd,f rif;aNc&if;rSmvJusaewJhtcg
olYaoG;awG rif; ta&Nym;ay: pGwfpkdaewJhtcg
tJh'Dus&if ighcHpm;csufukd rif;odvdrfhr,f
rif; cHpm;csufudk igodaeygNyD
rkef;&wJh cHpm;csuf b,fvkdqkdwm igodw,f
uvJhpm;acs csifwJhpdwf
tck ukd,fh&efol tm&kHt&rf;axGNym;aewm
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olY tEÅ&m,ftppfu olYa&SUrSm &Sdaewm olrNrifcJhbl'
rif; em;vnfvm;
tif;
olYukdowf
olwkdYukd 'Du ac:xkwfoGm;
oem;p&m qm&m
ol aowmukd rif; b,fESpfcg MunfhOD;rSmvJ
rif; ighudkowfvkdYr&bl;
rD&muk&ku rif;udk rkef;apwm r[kwfbl;
tqkH;owfu eD;vmNyD
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NrifcGifh&zkdY igrif;udk nSmwm cGihfay;rSmyg
igwkdYESpfa,mufvkH; 'gukdtqkH;owfzkdY
wpfenf;yJ&Sdwm igodw,f
ighudktEkdif,lzkdY
rif; ighudkowfrSNzpfvdrfhr,f
'gayr,fh igaowJhtcsdefrSm
rif; wpfck oufaoNyvdrfhr,f
rif;u vlowform;qkdwm
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ighudkaNzaq;xkd;rSmvm;
udpör&Sdygbl;
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ig rif; cspfwJht&m tm;vkH;
vltm;vkH;ukdac:oGm;r,f
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olu yxrqkH;wpfa,mufavmufyJ
rif; nDr avmf&,f rif; tar
rif; ighudkowfEkdifEkdif rEkdifEkdif
bmyJNzpfNzpf igEkdifw,f
tref'g yGJNyD;NyD
qvdwf'fusoGm;NyD olYwyfzGJYvJ NzdKcGif;vkdufEkdifNyD
vlrJh,mOfawG Nyefac:yg
tref'g yGJodrf;aeNyD
tck bmvkyfrvJaumifav;
tcsdefusNyD
bmvkdY olrif;ukd 'Dvkdvkyfckdif;wmvJ
bmvkdY olYkukd 'DvkdvkyfwmvJ
taz ol orD;udk bmrS rvkyfckdif;ygbl;
orD; a&G;cs,fcJhwmyg
orD; tarudk b,fvkdaNym&rvJ
orD; b0rSm yxrqkH;tMudrftNzpf
ukd,fhuHMur®mukd ukd,fqkH;Nzwfw,fvkdY
aNymay;yg ol em;vnfrSmyg
tif;
taz cspfw,f orD;
orD;vJ tazhukdcspfygw,f
uGsefr zcifwpfa,muf&JU tcspf b,favmuf tpGrf;xufvJqdkwm odygw,f
NyD;awmh ol wpfckck tNzpfcHr,fhtpm; uGsefr taocHoGm;rSmyg
'Dvkdawmh arQmfvifhxm;w,f
eifoGm;r,fhae&mrSm
tD;ar;vfawG zkef;awG okH;vkdY&rSmvm;
ig eifhudk aemufwpfcg NyefawGYrSmawmh igodygw,f
ig rESpfu wpfckck oifcef;pm&cJhw,fqkd&if
eifu tNrJwrf; tdrfNyefvrf;ukd &SmawGYEkdifw,fqkdwmyJ
igwkdYvJ tNrJwrf; 'DrSm apmifhaerSmyg
igeifhudkcspfw,f
tkdvDAm eifhudkvkdtyfw,f
'g eifeJYqkd MunfhvkdYaumif;rSm
awmfw,f
bkdif taz bkdif orD;
tJh'D *sufuufav;u
bmrS awG;raeeJY
orD; awGYqkHyGJoGm;oifhw,f
tif; taz wkdYESpfa,mufvkH;twGuf vkdtyfvdrfhr,f xifw,f
tNyefvrf;rSm yufyfwkdawmh 0,foGm;&r,f
ae&xkdif&wm wpfrsdK;MuD;yJ
taz oltqifaNyoGm;rSmyg
tif; oltqifaNyoGm;r,fqkdwm odygw,f 'gayr,fh tqifaNy&kHukd taz wpfrsdK;Nzpfaewm
taz
ig touf&IvkdYr&awmhbl;
r&bl;
taz aeygOD; taz taz aeygOD;
[,fvkd
vlemwifum;ac:csifvkdYyg
uGsefrtazu pwmvif&JwyfzGJYuyg tif; tckaygh
taz arhroGm;eJYOD;
oD,m
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ig rSm;cJhw,f
igeifeJY qufaevkdY&r,fxifcJhrdw,f
ig oD,muGif; qufNzpfaevkdY &r,fxifcJhrdw,f
'gayr,fh oD,muGif;u ,kHMunfwwfw,f
igu eifhudkr,kHbl;
b,folYukdrS b,fawmhrS r,kHawmhbl;
oD,muGif;u tiftm;vJ enf;w,f
b,fenf;eJYrqkd igpdwfckdifatmifMudK;pm;r,f
ighukd&SmzkdY rMudK;pm;eJY awGYrSmr[kwfbl;
igawmif b,foGm;rvJ ighukd,fig rodbl;
ig wpfckyJ odw,f
ig b,fawmhrS Nyefrvmawmhbl;
ig b,frSmvJ
ig rif;udkac:oGm;EkdifwJh urÇmMuD;eJYta0;qkH;ae&m
rif; b,folYudkrS xdckdufatmif rvkyfEkdifawmhwJhae&m
tJh'g rif;tm;enf;csufyJ aumifav;
rif;rSm ighudkowf&avmufwJh owÅdr&Sdbl;
[ifhtif; igrif;ukd touf&SifcGifh ay;EkdifwJh tiftm;rsdK;&SdcJhwmyg
rif;u vlowform; wpfa,mufyg
igodw,f igrif;udkzefwD;cJhwm
rif; vlawGtrsm;MuD;owfcJHwmyJ
tif; [kwfw,f
ig vlowform;NzpfoifhwJhtcsdefwkef;u rif; ighudkvlowform;wpfa,mufNzpfatmif ulnDaNymif;vJay;cJhw,f
ig 'DaeYtouf&Sifaewm rif;aMumifh
ig tdrfNyefvmEkdifcJhwm rif;aMumifh
ighrdom;pkukd igxyfawGYcJh&w,f
'gayr,fh NyD;cJhwJh wpfESpfrSm ig 'DxufykdvkdtyfcJhw,f
igwkefYqkdif;aecJhw,f
'gayr,hf igrif;udk wm;EkdifcJhw,f
owfNzwfrI rygyJ
rif; ighudk ol&Jaumif;wpfa,muf NzpfzkdY ulnDcJhw,f qvdwf'f
aus;Zl;yg
ig 'Duae vGwfroGm;Ekdifbl;vkdY rif; xifaewmvm;
ig rif; *&kpkdufwJHolawGukd xyfrowfbl;xifaewmvm;
[ifhtif; rif; tckavmavmqnf aMu;cGswfoefYpifbkHukda&mufaewm
igh uwdawGukd igwnfw,f aumifav;
igh uwdawGukd igwnfw,f
uGsefr aemufqkH;wpfacgufu owdrxm;cJhrdbl; 'DrSm vSom;yJ
wpfrsdK;awmh rxifygeJY uGsefr 'D axmufacsmufawG NynfhaewJh
uGsef;ay:u b,fawmh qif;&rvJ wpfcsdefvkH;arQmfvifhaewmyg
'Davmufqkd olYudkxdef;xm;EkdifzkdY tvkHtavmuf&Sdr,fxifvm;
tm;*wfpf plygrufpf
ol aemufxyf 'DudkvTwfwJholrSeforQ
'DppfyGJu NyD;csifNyD;oGm;vdrhfr,f wpfNcm;[mawG&SdaeOD;rSmyJ
ighrdom;pk ukrÜPDudkNyef&atmif vkyfwmeJYp&r,f
tJh'g vG,frSmr[kwfbl; &Sifu qif;&JaeNyDav
tvkyf&Sm&awmhr,f
qvdwf'fudk raMumuf&ifawmif 'guawmh aMumufzkdYaumif;w,f
rDvsHema[mif;awGxJu NrSm;ypfuGsrf;wJholawGukd
b,foliSm;aevJ rif;odvm;
cPavmuf
ig tcsdefay;r,f
&Sif atmifNrifcJhw,f
ig tultnD&cJhwmyJ - tif;
tJh'g odyfawmfw,f
&Sif olYudkvSnfhpm;EkdifcJhw,f
rrSef;qEkdifwJh t&mqkdvkdY
&Sif eJY uGsefr tNzpfukdaNymwm
&Sif uGsefrukd cspfw,fvkdY aNymawmh
cPavmuf ,kHcsifovkdNzpfoGm;w,f
uGsefr..
&Sif wu,frsm;aNymwmvm;aygh
&Sif aNymcJhwJhpum;
wu,f,kHzkdYaumif;w,f
igwkdYESpfa,mufvkH;ygyJ
tdrfNyefMupkdY
'pf rif;eJY vkdifvmeJY owif;u bmvJ
tJh'g aemufrS aNymvkdY&ygw,f
ig armif;r,f - oabmyJ
uGsefr aemufwpfckar;zkdY&Sdao;w,f
rar;&if zvpfpwD; b,f[kwfawmhrvJ
&Sif 'DuGsef;ay:rSm ig;ESpfaecJHw,fqkd&if
b,fvkdvkyfNyD; av,mOfysHarmif;wwfwmvJ
uGsefr emrnf tref'g a0gvmyg rpöwmuGif;
uGsefrwkdY trsm;MuD;aqG;aEG;p&m&Sdw,f
a[mifaumifu MudKqdkygw,f